Up The Down Staircase :: essays research papers

Up the Down Staircase   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By Bel Kaufman The main character of this book is Sylvia Barret she is a recent college graduate, and works as a high school English teacher. Sylvia would like to work in a nice private school, like so many of her friends. Instead Sylvia takes a job with the board of education, in a nieve attempt to reach out to the under privileged inner-city children in public schools. Sylvia battles with so many choices in this book. In the end she makes the right ones. Another character that is important to this book is James J. Mchabe. He signs his name with Adm. Asst. (administrative assistant). Sylvia calls him â€Å"Admiral Ass† because he is always looking over her shoulder. It seems like Mr.Mchabe’s only propose in life is to bother Sylvia and the other teachers. The admiral always seems to find something wrong with the manor the teachers run their classes in.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bea Schachter is another teacher at Calvin Colidge High School. Bea has been a teacher at Calvin Coolidge for a very long time and she automatically makes Sylvia her friend. Bea shows Sylvia the ropes; what to do, what not to do, where to go, where not to go. That kind of stuff. Bea is a good teacher, and a good friend to Sylvia. One of Sylvia's students is Joe Ferone. Joe is a rebel and a hoodlum. Joe barely ever comes to class. Sylvia really wants to help Joe. Sylvia tries to schedule after school sessions with Joe, but he never shows up. Towards the end of the story I get the feeling Sylvia was starting to fall in love with him. This story takes place in a New York City school in Manhattan, in the nineteen- sixties. The book covers the span of one school semester form September to February. Sylvia Barret, a new teacher is starting her first day in room 304. She finds out that teaching isn’t all that she thought it would be. Her first friend is Bea a veteran teacher who helps Sylvia out by explaining how Calvin Coolidge high works. The writer takes all the craziness of a normal high school and embellishes them; for instance the school guidance counselor is always using big words and thinks all the students need help. And Mr. Mchabe the administrative assistant who is nosy about everything. The Janitor who is never available.

Television Broadcasts Limited

Television Broadcasts Limited, commonly known as TVB, is the first wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong. It was first established on 19 November 1967 with only about 200 staff. The Group has now grown to a size of about 4,200 including contract artistes and staff in overseas subsidiary companies. The major activities of TVB are television broadcasting, programme production and other broadcasting related activities such as programme licensing, video distribution and satellite broadcasting etc.It transmits over 17,000 hours of programming on its Chinese Jade channel and English Pearl channel free of charge to 2. 34 million homes in Hong Kong. It is one of the largest producers of Chinese language programming in the world. Many of the Chinese programmes are dubbed into other languages and are distributed to more than 40 countries and cities, accessible to over 300 million households. During the prime time viewing hours, the Chinese Jade Channel and English Pearl Channel a chieve a remarkable average of 87% and 80% of Hong Kong’s television audience share respectively.To cope with future development, the Company invested HK$2. 2 billion in the construction of a new state-of-the-art TVB City in Tseung Kwan O Industrial Estate. The management and production facilities, with a building area of over 110,000 sq metres, 30% more than the TV City at Clear Water Bay Road, came into full operation in October 2003. There are two outdoor shooting locations and 22 production studios in TVB City. The new TVB City is fully digitized to enhance its services to the public.On 31 December 2007, TVB officially launched its 24-hour HD channel, HD Jade, providing diverse and brand new audio/visual entertainment in the digital era. In addition to the simulcast of digital Jade and Pearl channel, TVB started operating J2 and iNews digital channels in June 2008 and January 2009 respectively. The Company has always been striving for excellence in serving the people of H ong Kong and its efforts are widely recognized. The Company, has thus received 450 international awards for its various television programming and programme promotions in the past.In 1997, TVB has also been awarded as one of Asia’s 50 most competitive companies; one of the top 20 companies in Hong Kong and one of the Asia’s 200 Leading Companies. In 2001, it was also awarded the National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) International Broadcasting Excellence Award 2001 for its outstanding contributions to the community. Now, let me sum up our proposal. Our mission is to develop a diverse development company. In the past, we have developed magazine industry, music industry, film industry and internet industry.In the future, we plan to develop agency industry, which are combine advertisements and sales. We plan to operate online sales thought the television and earn the commission. There are several reasons that can support our proposal to be a successful one. First of a ll, we have an excellent financial situation now and we have cash balance total HK$3,604 million in 2012. If the our proposal is implemented, more sponsorship in the clothing and jewelry of the TV series or some annual TV shows. It can decrease the cost of production. nline shopping become more popular, this development of this kind of business can really help the company to generate more earning. Secondary, TVB have already a huge fixed amount of audience and we believe that more audience will be attracted by the new scheme, which means that more customers are provided. Moreover, nowadays, online shopping has become a tendency in Hong Kong since it is convenient. When you are taking the train, on your way to work; or lying on the sofa, enjoy your weekend at home, you can watch our programs though your cell phone and TV.Our artists wear the fashion items that you want, you can only touch that item on the screen to get it. The details of the item will be shown after you touching the screen. If you decide to buy, you can add the item to your shopping bag and confirm you order. You can use any of the payment types listed on the screen to pay for your order, for example VISA, PAYPAL, AMERICAN EXPRESS. Your details are safe with us as we take security very seriously indeed. U may doubt that whether the proposal is feasible. It can surely give u an answer.Yes! We plan to cooperate with SONY to make the technology of touch screen can be perfected and fixed with this proposal. SONY which is an initiate company always seeks for a breakthrough has a strong technology to support us. It can match with the technology that our plan needs. TVB has been serving the audience for 44 years. It will continue to keep its promise, delivering excellence in programming and cutting-edge broadcasting technology to the people of Hong Kong and to Chinese communities around the world. umanitarian initiative Apart from fighting for greater profits, it is our obligation to perform our human itarian initiative. After shooting dramas, we can ask our clients for their clothes for charity sale. All income from charity sale will be donated to charities. Clothes which are abandoned can donate to charities as well. Our actors and actress are also willing to donate their clothes either for the charity sale or the charities. establish a new department in response for the agency job.

Essay about Graduation A Defining Moment - 660 Words

Graduation is an exciting time in a person’s life, especially a high school graduation. When I think of family and friends gathering together to celebrate a joyous occasion, I feel I accomplished my strongest goal. It never occurred to me that graduation would be the end of my youth and the start of adulthood. Graduating from high school was an influential event that gave me an altered outlook on my existence. Life before graduation, preparing for graduation day, and commencement day overwhelmed me for reality. Life before graduation was a struggle for me. I lived in a home that seemed to bring me nothing but pain and anger. I watched someone close to me die little by little every day. I did not live a normal childhood because I was a†¦show more content†¦I was working harder than ever to finish high school early and it had really paid off. I prepared and prepared but it wasn’t enough to my surprise. Graduation was not that far away and actuality was about to strike me like a lightning bolt in the butt. The most significant practice of the year approached us seniors. The staff put us into groups to keep all the seniors in order. We all were divided into sections and labeled after letters and numbers. Soon after, all the senior class entered the auditorium in an orderly fashion. The practice had us recall memories of our freshmen to senior years. I saw a video that showed pictures of my youth to a young adult. I begin to think of the past and how much fun I had growing up. I also thought about how I would never see some of my friends again. After some time, the staff wanted us to practice walking across the stage. I did not quite understand why we needed to do this; I figured they wanted us to see how fast our life would flash in front of our eyes. At last, practice was over and I was able to go pick up my cap and gown. During this time, I thought about the next day and how it would be the end of another chapter in my years. Graduation day arrived and I had butterflies out of this world. It seemed as if I misplaced everything. I could not find my dress. My family came from one state to another. I finally got to the church were the commencement was going to be held. IShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : Graduating High School1034 Words   |  5 Pageswas a big defining moment in my life. It is a step closer to the real world, a step closer to my future and that is what most exciting about leading up to this day. Preparation to graduating high school was difficult for me there was a lot of ups and downs, but it got easier once I took things more serious and not as a joke. Having that feeling of knowing that your family members are proud of you is an amazing feeling and having my grandmother explain to me how she felt on my graduation day was heartwarmingRead MoreI Had More Interest On Computer Science706 Words   |  3 Pagesmy dream course and started a study. It was hard to survive in the capital city w ith a limited fund and I thought to start part time job that could support at least my tuition fees. Getting a job in the capital was hard without completing under graduation. The first year was completed with good grade and first position in a class. During the second year, I got offer from a school for teaching computer science and mathematics for secondary level. I thought its good opportunity to get some teachingRead MoreMy Childhood And Adolescent Years976 Words   |  4 Pageshas plenty of points of interest located at my memorable moments. My childhood and adolescent years before college were an endless roadway that has gone through a long cycle of straightaways and turns. Since I was a toddler, I have lived my life with a condition that is common in an intermediate percentage of other toddlers known as autism. Ever since my diagnosis, every moment of my life has always been something different than the moments that have happened before. The road of my life would alwaysRead MoreMy Experience Is Like A Lifelong Road987 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout my childhood and teenage years, and has come to many stops along my most memorable moments. Like a long roadway, my childhood and adolescent years prior to college have gone through a long cycle of straightaways and turns. I was diagnosed with autism when I was about a year and a half old. Ever since my diagnosis, every new moment of my life has always been something different than the moments that have happened before. Sometimes the road of my life would always stay straight when I wouldRead MoreSynthesis Essay : Joseph Vincent Paterno1407 Words   |  6 PagesPENN STATE! Joe Paterno lived this every Saturday for 46 years. Joseph Vincent Paterno was born 21 December 1926 in Brooklyn, NY. He attended Brown University where he majored in law, while playing football as a quarterback and cornerback. Upon graduation he was on course to become the lawyer that he father wanted, but Penn State University came calling with a coaching offer. They saw the leadership qualities of a visionary and because of his law background there was no questions about him beingRead MoreThe Co mmunication Barriers Of Deaf People972 Words   |  4 Pagesas a result they become more separate from the hearing world. It seemed that after many years, they became so used to having Margaret translate that they get more uncomfortable with anything to do with hearing. When Margaret gets a radio for her graduation, she helps her father understand the beat and they dance together, but her mother unplugs it, telling Margaret, â€Å"It doesn’t belong here.† I think that from that point forward, they don’t see Margaret as hearing, and because of that don’t think aboutRead MoreOne of the primary forces guiding me throughout my life has been a desire to create. As a child I600 Words   |  3 Pagesadult innovative spatial forms have likewise mesmerized me. I am constantly fascinated by the impact a building’s inherent character can have on the way we perceive our lives. Our memories are fundamentally shaped by our sense of place at any given moment. A dditionally, I believe historic structures are essential in giving our communities identity. What most interests me is architecture that not only seeks to preserve but also means to tastefully and respectfully transform buildings of the past soRead MoreAn Internship Is The Most Valuable Experience From Outside Of Campus1465 Words   |  6 PagesAn internship is the most valuable experience from outside of campus to have before graduation. Regardless of any internship, it provides and add values to the education to students. It facilitates wonderful experience that links between theorems and field practice. While it is true that sales happens between customer and seller by providing either product or service, however, going door-to-door without them knowing who are you, why are you here and what do you want surpasses my understanding ofRead MoreGraduation Speech : Skipping English964 Words   |  4 Pageschange, such as adding new requirements and policies to the more advanced cla sses. Their actions can improve both the student’s knowledge on literacy and the school’s reputation, for parents would want their children to attend schools with higher graduation and success rates than schools that leave them unprepared for their first yearsin college. In terms of source selection, I chose the articles and books that describe numerous systems and processes of education and explain both the positives andRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education898 Words   |  4 Pagessuch can be given in a wide variety of fields of study. According to the Digest of Education Statistics, during 2012 and 2013 more than 1,8 million bachelor degrees were conferred to college students in 34 different fields of study. So, prior to defining the cost of education, there is a need to establish who is the average student. From the almost 2 million granted degrees, 360,823 were only from business school. That makes it by far the most popular student choice, being almost two times the amount

Argumentative Essay On Empathy - 1230 Words

Empathy is the ability to understand and experience the feelings of others, particularly others’ suffering. Humanity’s gift of understanding complex emotions ushers in a new way of understanding ourselves and how we react to stimuli. This ultimately leads to questioning of everything, leading us to one strong notion: Does empathy guide or hinder moral action? One common misconception while considering empathetic influence is how it compares with sympathy. The two are a dichotomy, and must be differentiated. To sympathize is to feel sorry for someone, therefore making the victim suffer even more. Empathy empowers the victim, allowing company to play a role in how humans naturally interact with one another to bond and heal. With the†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, during empathizing, emotional reaction in the observer correlates with the fact that connections between the person’s mental state and his or her behavior are not always governed by lawful cond uct of emotion. The response to the other person’s mental state creates a gap between systemizing and empathizing, for without empathetic response, one could only have a very small or inaccurate reading of a person’s emotion. The systemizer only expects that the person’s mental state will at least constrain their behavior. The level of empathy one has is greatly affected by how systematic they are. Now, taking into account the SQ/EQ, we can determine how individuals would respond to regular situations. The response to stimuli is heavily weighted on self and our own experiences - as we are a product of our environment. However, fifty percent of one’s own personality is determined genetically, within one’s very own alleles. This is why people act so much like their parents. Mothers can actually pass down a gene to their sons that makes them dangerously unempathetic. This exact gene is what causes more men than women to become serial killers. In addition to the basis of human structure, men also have a higher tendency to be aggressive, rendering most empathetic responses null, and barely thought about. Since males are more likely to be systemizers, theirShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of A Quick Lesson On What Trigger Warnings Always Do Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pageswarnings for those who need them. In order to do this, Holmes uses a series of rhetorical devic es throughout her essay to develop her argument for the use of trigger warnings. Holmes achieves her goal of persuading the audience that trigger warnings should be taken into consideration through her intentional use of rhetorical appeals, anticipated objections, and hypophoras in this essay. Holmes begins her argument by establishing her credibility as a writer. She expresses that she is knowledgeableRead MoreMen And Women s Women1284 Words   |  6 Pagessociety and culture. We use typical objects and devices, we do typical activities, and we watch typical phenomena. Our society today seems to lack creativity and is stuck in a rut of sameness and stereotypes. Steven Craig writes, in his published essay Men’s Men and Women’s Women, about exactly how and why American culture has become â€Å"typical† in regards to the television commercial industry. He brings to light the gender roles and stereotypes these commercials are promoting and the new AmericanRead MoreEssay on Active Listening in Effective Communication1166 Words   |  5 Pagesie, utterances and/or behaviors that are not explicit but may have special meaning and suggest unshared ideas, concerns, and expectations’. This essay will discuss how active listening strategies such as ana lysing and displaying non-verbal body language, clarifying meaning and accuracy, expressing understanding for the speaker’s feelings through empathy and silence contribute to effective communication by encouraging the speaker to convey his or her thoughts, building trust and relationships andRead MoreMike Rose Describes His Personal Childhood Observations1389 Words   |  6 PagesMike Rose describes his personal childhood observations about his mother and uncle in his essay titled Blue collar Brilliance. Rosie, the authors mother, was a waitress in several coffee shops and family restaurants over the span of Rose s childhood. Joe Meraglio is Roses uncle who worked over a thirty-three year career at General Motors after being in the Navy and working on the railroad. Neither Joe, nor Rosie had a formal education. Rose describes his childhood as years of sitting in theRead MoreThe Role and Responsibilities of a Forensic Accountant1605 Words   |  6 Pagesbehaviors. The purp ose of this essay is to describe the five most important skills a forensic accountant may possess in order to become successful. This essay will describe each one of these traits and describe its application to business operations. Next the essay will describe the role of the forensic accountant within a courtroom environment and then also discuss the legal responsibilities that these professionals have to obey in the course of their work. Finally this essay will highlight two real worldRead MorePersuasive Essay : Video Games892 Words   |  4 PagesArgumentative Essay In today’s society, more and more people are looking into military based occupations. Countless amounts of AD campaigns and television commercials have been launched in hopes of spreading awareness about this particular field. However, a new recruitment tactic has joined the military’s arsenal. A video game has been created that supposedly will aid in increasing interests in relation to serving in the army. Frankly, this convention is utterly irrational, moronic, and an incredibleRead MoreChild Labor As A Cultural Norm1251 Words   |  6 Pagestheir lack of concern and empathy, that leads them to purchasing products manufactured under these conditions. Finally, for the product owners, it is the greed or lack of sufficient funds that leads them into this form of labor and outsourcing. If consumers were given all the facts about the production of their product, it is likely that many would cease to indulge in products manufactured through child labor. Often, however, it is the very ignorance or lack of empathy on the part of the productRead MoreChild Labor As A Cultural Norm1251 Words   |  6 Pagesor their lack of concern and empathy, that leads them to purchase products manufactured under these conditions. Finally, for the product owners, it is the greed or lack of sufficient funds that leads them into this form of labor and outsourcing. If consumers were given all the facts about the production of their product, it is likely that many would cease to indulge in products manufactured through child labor. Often, however, it is the very ignorance or lack of empathy on the part of the product ownersRead MoreInterpersonal Communication Is An Effective Communicator1624 Words   |  7 Pagesskills. Over this semester, important interpersonal skills have been developed through a series of six workshops and assessed in two pieces of assessment. First position, second position and third position skills were performed. This reflective essay provides a critical analysis of my interpersonal skills developmental process of the three skills listed above; including my strengths, weakness and improvements. When in the receiving position of a conversation, the main aim is to retrieve informationRead MoreAn Individual s Level Of Emotional Intelligence1524 Words   |  7 Pageschallenging profession, but how much of this stress and fatigue can be relieved by teachers managing their own emotions and mental strength. Having emotional intelligence is fundamental to producing healthier, happier, superior performing teachers. This essay will firstly illustrate emotional intelligence and examine the traits, behaviours and emotions that define a healthy, competent teacher. The second part will analyse the effect’s interpersonal communications and intrapersonal self-management has on

Women Of The United States - 861 Words

Unlike the past, the social status of women is a lot improved. So, many female leaders are taking an active part in many fields. However, it is hard to find female leaders in top position. From the past, male dominated almost all of high social and official position in the world. Kings, presidents and many people who were in the high social hierarchy were predominately male, except some queens in U.K. Female has been playing a supporting role or was a second-class citizen. Females are still underrepresented in many field. The United States is a world leading county in many ways, such as politics, culture and economy. However, male-dominant culture still exists and very few women are in a status of leader. Compared to this, South Korea recently has their first female president. South Korea has a longer history than the United States, but the development in politics, culture and economy are lagged far behind. However South Korea elected their first female president ahead of the United States. Even though President Park, the president of South Korea, is a daughter of the former and most respected president. It is a great progress that South Korea having a female president. Therefore, there is a doubt on the absence of a female president in the United States so far. There is no suitable time or condition to being a president but the position of president has been considered as a male’s area. This is because many people think that the male is more suitable for the president orShow MoreRelatedWomen Of The United States1456 Words   |  6 Pagestwo women are currently undertaking in the political arena in the United States. Presently, two women are vying for their respective political party’s nomination to become President of the United States, however in the late nineteenth century this would have never been thought possible. Women during this era had no self-representation other than their husbands and fathers. Several generations of women who supported the suffrage movement, fought to change the Constitution of the United States. TheseRead MoreThe Women Of The United States1434 Words   |  6 PagesAbuse affects the whole family no matt er what country that you live in. The women of Mexico were identified as moderately depressed compared to the minimally depressed women of the United States. The results of being in an abusive relationship or having been abused can be seen in the women’s parenting. The women from Mexico most often felt that their children had issues, which caused them to be challenging to parent. The mothers from Mexico often times felt that their child was demanding, notRead MoreWomen Of The United States2283 Words   |  10 Pagesstandard or example. They apply to the vulnerability of any one group. Intermittently, they are used against women in the United States as a whole, who are vulnerable in areas of predestined abilities to achieve a task based on sex. Not only must generalizations be lessened, but they also must be eliminated completely, as the effects they have on women are monstrous. Women in the United States are affected negatively by stereotypes through movies, mass media, and discrimination in the workplace. HistoriesRead MoreWomen Of The United States1849 Words   |  8 PagesStephen Rykola Mrs. Lucas English 10 Throughout time women have been looked upon as lesser individuals. However this is not the case. Women have played a very important part in our lives since the beginning of time. In the United States just within the past one hundred years women have received the right to vote. Hate and acts of violence against women still happen in other country s today. This famous quote by Abraham Lincoln proves that women should be treated as equals to men: A house dividedRead MoreWomen Of The United States Essay1838 Words   |  8 PagesWomen make up about 51% of the population of the United States, yet for most of American history, their representation in politics has been almost nonexistent. It was not even until 1920 that women were given the right to vote by the 19th amendment. Before that, their involvement was shunned and prohibited. After women gained the right to vote, however, their election to office was not immediate. After gaining the right to vote, women have gone through a struggle to become involved in politics thatRead MoreWomen Of The United States Army1964 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States Army was founded on June 14, 1775, and since this day women have helped nurture this great branch into what is known today as the largest and oldest United States Military service. (â€Å"Women†) The US Army is consisted of about 452,064 enlisted soldiers and 87,610 officers. This total of 539,675 makes up 37.8% of all of the military branches. (Demographics†) As time has carried on more and more women are looking to serve the country in the Army. While women have many skills and abilitiesRead MoreWomen During The United States1823 Words   |  8 Pagesin the world. However nurses continue to be in short supply even with an aggressive campaign to attract foreign nurses (Brunetto et al., 2013). It is estimated that â€Å"the United States will need to have produced 1.13 million new RN’s to fill the future demand† (MeMenamin, 201 4). Of the current-working nurses in the United States, â€Å"males represent approximately 7% of the nursing workforce†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Colby, 2012). The percentage of men in nursing must improve if nursing is to become diversified. Although theRead MoreWomen During The United States Military1345 Words   |  6 Pages 9 April 2016 TOULMIN ESSAY Women have always served in the United States Military, since the beginning of the existence of the United States. I will make the argument, that women can and should be allowed to serve in combat roles, that are traditionally open for men only. Combat does not distinguish between the sexes. This is an important issue for everyone. The main reason, why women have never been allowed to be in combat roles, is because the sight of a wounded woman on the battle fieldRead MoreWomen s Movement Of The United States1438 Words   |  6 Pagessimilarities between female and male, or women and men. In general, men usually have different responsibilities and duties as women. From history to modern time, the differences between women and men has changed a lot. It’s nearly 70 years ago, that fight for women’s suffrage began in the United States. The Women’s Movement is a movement to combat sexual discrimination and to gain full legal, economic, vocational, educational an d social rights and opportunities for women, equal to those of men. One of theRead MoreThe United States : A Growing Problem With Women1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States has a growing problem with women in the criminal justice system. There has been a dramatic increase of women since the 1980’s. In addition, the increase of women has brought mothers into the equation. Pregnant mothers who are allowed to keep their newborn while incarcerated has been theorized to have many positive results. Including a higher chance of a positive reentry, allow bonding time between the mother and her child, and easing the pain of their incarceration. Laws vary from

Carl Orffs Philosophies In Music Education Essay Example For Students

Carl Orffs Philosophies In Music Education Essay Born on July 10th in Munich, Germany in 1895, Orff refused to speak about his past almost as if he were ashamed of it. What we do know, however, is that Orff came from a Bavarian family who was very active in the German military. His fathers regiment band would often play through some of the young Orffs first attempts at composing. Although Orff was adamant about the secrecy of his past, Mosers Musik Lexicon says that he studied in the Munich Academy of Music until 1914. Orff then served in the military in the first world war. After the war, he held various positions in the Mannheim and Darmstadt opera houses then returned home to Munich to further study music. In 1925, and for the rest of his life, Orff was the head of a department and co-founder of the Guenther School for gymnastics, music, and dance in Munich where he worked with musical beginners. This is where he developed his Music Education theories. In 1937, Orffs Carmina Burana premiered in Frankfurt, Germany. Needless to say, it was a great success. With the success of Carmina Burana, Orff orphaned all of his previous works except for Catulli Carmina and the En trata which were rewritten to be acceptable by Orff. One of Orffs most admired composers was Monteverdi. In fact, much of Orffs work was based on ancient material. Orff said: I am often asked why I nearly always select old material, fairy tales and legends for my stage works. I do not look upon them as old, but rather as valid material. The time element disappears, and only the spiritual power remains. My entire interest is in the expression of spiritual realities. I write for the theater in order to convey a spiritual attitude. What Orff is trying to say here is that he does not use old material, but material that is good enough to be used again. If one eliminates the fact that this material was written many years ago, then there is nothing to stop that material from being any less legitimate in recent times. Orffs work in Music Education has been astounding. In the early 1920s, Orff worked with Mary Wigman. Wigman was a pupil of Emile Jaques-Dalcroze, another very influential name in Music Education. In fact, Orffs approach to music is very similar to Dalcrozes, but Orff focuses on education through percussion instruments. In 1924, Orff joined Dorthee Guenther and together they founded the Guenther School. The schools focus was coordinated teaching of gymnastics, dance, and music. Orff believed that music, movement, and speech are not separate entities in and of themselves, but that they form a unity that he called elemental music. When Orff refers to elemental music, he means the music, movement, or speech created by children that requires no special training, or in other words, the things that children do without really thinking about it. The basis for the Orff method is the belief that the historical development of music is reenacted in the life of every individual. This means that, when a child is young, he is similar to a primitive human being at least musically in that both are naive and rely primarily on natural rhythms and movement to make music. Although this theory has not been very widely accepted by most music educators, this is where the Orff method of teaching music begins. The Orff method was so impressive to the public that the Ministry of Culture recommended the adoption of the Guenther-Orff experiments in the elementary schools in Berlin. .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .postImageUrl , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:hover , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:visited , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:active { border:0!important; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:active , .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7 .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7a518bb58825f7066c2e5ac37400f9d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music and Movement Essay PaperUnfortunately, the rise of Hitler and the outbreak of war stunted the growth of these plans. Finally, in 1948, the German broadcasting authorities urged Orff to resume his educational activities. The Orff approach, not unlike the Suzuki method, begins with the idea that music should be learned by a child the same way a language is learned. Suzuki calls this the mother tongue approach. A child learns to speak simply by listening and then imitating and then, later in life, the child learns to interpret symbols as a written form of that language. So, then, a child should learn music in the same way. At an early age, a child is exposed to music and learns to sing and play percussion instruments, then, later in the childs musical development, he learns to interpret the symbols on a score as music. The music a child learns during this time of his life is very simple melodies that involve a lot of moving. Orff believed that rhythm was the most important part of music. This is because rhythm is what movement, speech, and music all have in common. Rhythm is what ties these all together to make what Orff called elemental music. Orff uses this approach because it is believed that children must feel and move to music before they are asked to conceptualize about it. Speech is one of the key elements in the Orff approach not only because speech is an inherently rhythmic action, but because Orff was the only one of the major educational philosophers Dalcroze, Kodaly, and Suzuki to use speech in this way. Orffs thought was that a transition from speech to rhythmic activities and then to song was the most natural for a child. So, the student moves from speech to body rhythms such as clapping or tapping, and then finally leads to the playing of an instrument. Orffs philosophy continues on in this way even after a child has developed a skill for an instrument. For example, concepts such as meter, accent, and anacrusis are introduced in speech patterns, reinforced in other activities, and then studied in a musical context. A specific example of this is the teaching of the concept of a canon. A simple yet varied chant or other form of rhythmic speech is taught to the class. The students then use the idea of a round to explore how each entrance by each different part is achieved. Finally, the teacher notates the rhythmic pattern and shows how each part of the pattern works with the other parts. Orffs approach to Music Education notes that speech, chant, and song are all points along the same line. That is to say that one leads directly to the next. Childrens experiences with singing follow directly from speech. This means that melody is actually an extension or an outgrowth of rhythm. When children begin to learn to use their voices as musical instruments, they enter another pre-planned part of Orffs method. There is a very specific order in which students learn to use solfege. As with most other theories that involve singing, the descending minor third, sol-mi, is the first interval that is taught. Other tones follow in succession in this order: la, re, do, to complete the pentatonic scale, and then finally fa and ti. The Orff method uses the pentatonic scale because Orff believed it to be the native tonality of children. This is cohesive with Orffs belief that music history is relived in the development of each individual because he considered the pentatonic mode appropriate to the development of each child. The use of the pentatonic scale also gave the students confidence. After all, its very difficult to improvise and sound bad when the only notes available are those in the pentatonic scale. This kind of constant affirmation is crucial to a childs development. The last part of Orffs elemental music is elemental movement. As stated earlier, the word elemental in this sense refers to the kind of action, in this case movement, in which the child participates with no prior training or instruction. Orff said that this kind of activity made it easier for children to become expressive. This is because children are more able to express their thoughts and feelings through movement and painting than through words. .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .postImageUrl , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:hover , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:visited , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:active { border:0!important; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:active , .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82 .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6511ef87ab315e2908e006c7ae431d82:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trap music EssayAllowing children to express themselves in this way allows them to use their imagination because, as we adults often forget, children have the most vivid imagination. After observing these actions, the teacher then relates them in some way to music and build musical concepts out of them. Unfortunately, many of the activities that adults scold their children for are the same ones that are the most suitable for expressing feelings, such as walking on tiptoe, hoping over imaginary obstacles, or spinning to the point of dizziness. These are actions that adults would react to as being fidgety or squirmy when, in fact, they are simply natural movements that children use to express themselves. The ideal Orff educator would encourage these behaviors and use them to teach musical concepts. The end goal of the Orff method is to develop a childs musical creativity. Where traditional Music Education dictates that a child must learn to read music right away in order to be a self-guided and independent musician, the Orff method focuses on the creative and expressive side of music. The instruments that are commonly associated with the Orff method distinguish it from other methods. Orff uses xylophones and various metalophones that use removable bars. This allows an educator to change bars for different modes or to remove unnecessary bars to keep from confusing young students. The Orff instruments are modeled after and are closely related to the Indonesian gamelans. These instruments allow great flexibility for children who have handicaps. For example, students with visual handicaps or hearing handicaps can hit just about anywhere on an Orff instrument set up to use a pentatonic scale so he can feel like he is being included. In conclusion, the Carl Orff has been a very influential person in the field of Music Education. He has demonstrated to us that the way to teach music to children is to let then go back to the basics, or elements, of speech, movement, and singing. He has reminded us how much we really expect children to learn music differently in the traditional method than it is natural for them to learn.

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